Which process involves the combination of particles to form larger aggregates that settle?

The process that involves the combination of particles to form larger aggregates that settle is coagulation. In water treatment, coagulation is typically the initial stage where chemicals, known as coagulants, are added to the water. These coagulants cause small, suspended particles to clump together into larger particles, referred to as flocs.

The significance of coagulation lies in its ability to remove turbidity and impurities from water, making it an essential step in effective water treatment processes. When coagulants, such as aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride, are introduced and mixed into the water, they neutralize the charges on the particles, allowing them to attract and bind together. This enhances the efficiency of subsequent processes.

Following coagulation, flocculation may occur, which is the slow mixing phase where these larger aggregates (flocs) are gently mixed to enhance their growth before they settle out. However, since the question specifically asks about the formation of larger aggregates, coagulation is the more appropriate choice.

Precipitation refers to the formation of solid particles from a solution due to chemical reactions rather than the clumping of existing particles. Decantation is a separation process that involves pouring off liquid to leave settled solids behind, but it does