Which of the following is a common result of low suction head in a pump?

Low suction head in a pump can lead to cavitation, which is a phenomenon that occurs when the pressure in the pump falls below the vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped. When this happens, vapor bubbles form within the pump, which can collapse violently as they travel through areas of higher pressure. This collapse can cause significant damage to the pump impeller and housing, resulting in decreased performance and potential mechanical failure.

Cavitation leads to noisy operation, loss of efficiency, and even structural damage to the pump components over time. It is essential to maintain appropriate suction conditions to ensure that the pump operates effectively and to avoid the damaging effects of cavitation. Understanding the implications of low suction head helps operators ensure that their pumping systems are running smoothly and efficiently.