What is a potential effect of excess fluoride in drinking water?

Excess fluoride in drinking water can lead to fluorosis, which is a condition that affects the teeth and sometimes bones. This occurs when an individual is exposed to high levels of fluoride during the early years of tooth development, leading to changes in the appearance and structure of the enamel. Mild cases may cause white spots or streaks on teeth, while more severe cases can result in pitting and brown stains, significantly affecting dental aesthetics and health.

Fluorosis results from prolonged exposure to fluoride at levels above what is considered safe, especially in children who are in their developmental stages. This highlights the importance of monitoring fluoride levels in drinking water to prevent overexposure and ensure dental health is maintained without the adverse effects of too much fluoride.